Fossile Subventionen – verfeuern wir unsere Zukunft?

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Sieben Billionen US-Dollar wurden laut Berechnungen des Internationalen Währungsfonds (IWF) 2022 für direkte und indirekte Subventionen fossiler Brennstoffe aufgewendet. Mitverantwortlich für den deutlichen Zuwachs des Vorjahres ist der russische Angriffskrieg auf die Ukraine und die in dessen Folge steigenden Energiepreise.

Aber auch davor zeigte der Trend schon nach oben, wie der Blick auf die Statista-Grafik verdeutlicht. Und auch künftig dürfte die Subventionen eher zulegen. Grund hierfür ist laut Analyst:innen-Einschätzung das Wirtschaftswachstum des globalen Südens und der daraus resultierende steigende Verbrauch von Kohle, Öl und Gas.

Wie enorm diese Summe ist, zeigt beispielsweise der direkte Vergleich mit einem anderen wichtig Haushaltsposten von Regierungen. So entspricht die staatliche Unterstützung bei fossilen Rohstoffen etwas mehr als sieben Prozent der Wirtschaftsleistung des Planeten. Dagegen machen die Bildungsausgaben aller Länder zusammengenommen 4,3 des globalen Bruttoinlandsprodukts aus.

Bei den fossilen Subventionen gegenzusteuern böte laut IWF nicht nur die Chance die Menschheit bei der Erreichung ihrer Klimaziele wieder auf Kurs zu bringen, sondern könnte auch jährlich 1,6 Millionen vorzeitige Todesfälle pro Jahr vermeiden und die Staatseinnahmen um 4,4 Billionen Dollar zu erhöhen.

von Mathias Brandt, 
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