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Prognosen der World Bank zufolge leben 2023 weltweit rund 650 Millionen Menschen oder acht Prozent der Weltbevölkerung in Armut . Gemäß World-Bank-Definition müssen selbige von weniger als 2,15 US-Dollar pro Tag ihren Lebensunterhalt bestreiten. Auch in Deutschland sind, gemessen am AROPE-Indikator, zahlreiche Menschen von Armut und Ausgrenzung bedroht.
Besonders hoch liegt der Anteil der Deutschen, die entweder an der Schwelle zur Armut leben, erhebliche materielle Entbehrung in Kauf nehmen müssen oder in Haushalten mit geringer Erwerbsintensität leben, in der Gruppe der unter 18-Jährigen. Hier waren laut Daten des Statistischen Bundesamts rund 24 Prozent der Menschen gefährdet, 2020 waren es noch knapp 22 Prozent. Insgesamt lag die AROPE-Quote in Deutschland 2022 bei 21 Prozent, 0,5 Prozent höher als 2020.
Dass gerade Altersarmut eine große Gefahr für Frauen darstellt, zeigt ein Blick auf die Kohorte der über 65-jährigen Deutschen. Während nur 17 Prozent der Männer von Armut und sozialer Ausgrenzung bedroht waren, lag die Quote bei den Frauen bei etwa 22 Prozent. Erklärungen dafür sind unter anderem Erwerbsunterbrechungen aufgrund von Schwangerschaften und Elternzeit, die hierzulande immer noch größtenteils von Frauen genommen wird, sowie der um soziale Faktoren bereinigte Gender Pay Gap von sieben Prozent im vergangenen Jahr.
von Florian Zandt,17.10.2023
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